What does ‘single-phase supply’ refer to?

'Single-phase supply' refers to a type of electrical power supply that utilizes a single alternating current (AC) waveform. In this system, the electricity flows through a single conductor, typically in homes and small businesses, providing a straightforward and efficient means of delivering power for lighting and small appliances.

The single-phase supply is characterized by a sinusoidal waveform that oscillates between positive and negative values, allowing for the generation of a consistent flow of electricity. This type of power is sufficient for many residential and small commercial applications where the demand for power is relatively low.

In contrast, other options describe different concepts or types of electrical systems that do not accurately capture the characteristics of a single-phase supply. For instance, a power supply that consists of multiple wires may refer to a three-phase power system, while battery-operated systems do not relate to the alternating current produced in single-phase supplies. Similarly, while single-phase supplies can be used for lighting, they are not exclusively limited to that function, as they can also power various small devices and appliances.